Hot-air motor



' 1,618,594 -J. KoENlG nor Am MOTOR Feb. 22, 1927.

Filed Dec. l. 1925 3 VSheetsg-Sheeb 1 Feb. 22,-192'7, 1 1,618,594

J. KoENlG H oT AIR MOTOR Filed Dec. 1 1925 :s suus-sheet a 05E J2 KUEJN f7 j@ ZZ Patented Feb, 22,1227..

JOSEPH KOENTG, MATOXVOC, W'SCONSIN.

HOT-ATR MOTOR.

Application fuea'neeember 1, 1925. serial no. c2506.-

This invention relates to hot air motors.

J Objects of this inventionare to provide a hot air motor which is adapted to deliver a relatively large amount of power for its size, as compared with the usual hot air motor, and which may be made of any desired capacity. j

Further objects are to provide a hot air motor which has ahigh degree of etcicncy 1,0 and which provides for quick interchanges of heat, and which is automatic in its laction and devoid of valves which control the flow` ofthe air to and from the working cylinder and the air conditioning or treating cylinders. Y

V This invention is an improvement over that disclosed in my prior application for hotair engines No. 22,682, tiled April 13, '1925, and has in generalthe same objects .20 as those set forth in such application,

An embodiment ot the invention is .shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view showing one of thek working cylinders and the associated .air treating cylinders.

Figure 2 is an enlarged detail in section showing one of the check valves at the ends of the. working cylinder.

Figure 3 is a sideelevation ot the motor.V Figure 4 is a plan view of the operating levers for the several cylinders, such view 'being ytaken with the cylinders removed to more clearly show this operating mechanism. Referring to the drawings, it will be seen Vthat the device comprises a-series 'of units, two units being shown in this case, each comprising a working cylinder and a pair of associated air conditioning cylinders.`

Referring, for instance, to Figure 3, it will be seenthat the working cylinders are indicated by the reference characters 1 and 2 and,v upon reference to Figures 1 and 4, it will be seen that the working cylinder 1,

has associated therewith the air condition# ing cylinders 5 and 6, and that the working The air conditioningcylinders 3 and 5 have a walking beam or lever 12 located beneath them and nivoted, Aas indicated at The 'lever 12 has its opposite ends 60 connected by meansl of links to the piston rods 14 and 15 of the cylinders 3 and 5, as shown most clearly in Figure 4f One end 'of the lever 12, for instance, its forward end is connected by means of a short link 16 with a transverse lever 17,A as shown most clearly in Figure 1. This lever 17 ispivoted, as indicated at 18, to a standard 19 mounted on the base 2O of the motor and on the opposite side of the main 70 or crank shaft 21 from the'cylinders 3 and 5.

It is to be noted that the short link 16 has Y ball and socket joints at its end to permit the different angular movements of the levers 12 and 17. 75

The lever 17 is operated by means of a cam 22 carried upon the crank shaft 21, and preferably such lever is provided with a strap-like frame 23 enclosing the cam, as most clearly shown in Figure 1. S0

' A second walking beam or lever 24 is pivoted intermediate its ends, as indicated' at 25, and is joined by means of links to thepiston rods 26 and 27 of the cylinders 4 and 6, as shown most clearly in Figure 4. This lever has its rear end connected` by meansof a short link 28 (see Figure 1) with a transverse lever 29 corresponding to the lever 17. This lever 29 is pivoted, as indicatedV at 30, to an upright standard v31 90 mounted upon the opposite side of the crank shaft from the standard 19. Similarly, the link 28 is equipped with ball and socket joints at its ends, as described, for the link 16. The link 17 is similarly equipped with 95 a. strap-like frame work which is hidden in Figure 1, andy which encloses the cam 32 Corresponding` to the cam 22, previously described, see Figure 4.

It is to be noted from reference to Fignre 3, that the cranks 10 and 11 are ,set opposite each other and from reference to at in Figure l., towards the cool end of the cylinder. The transverse member 3ft is connected to the piston rod, as shown, and cylindrical portions 33 are adapted to slide from one end of the cylinder to the other.

It is to be noted that the air coiulitioning cylinders are each provided with a downwardly extending shell 3G 'which is heated by means of a burner or other suitable nie-iu ber 37. The lower end ol the air couditioi-'e ing cylinder is provided with an upwardly extending shell 3S and this lower end, together with the shell 3S, is water jaeheled, as indicated at 39, so as to maintain such end in a cool condition.

The working cylinders 1 and E2 are each provided with check valves 40 at `opposite ends so as to admit air in `case the air pressure drops below atmospherie. Any suitable check valve may be en'iployed. l? or instan ce, as shown in Figure Q, a valve disk 4l `is earried by a guiding stem 42 and is urged by means of a spring 43 into closed position. This valve, however, is adapted to open inwardly towards theavorkinrjlr cylinder :ind admit air in case the pressure drops below atmospheric at any time in the cycle.

Further, it may be `found desirable, under certain conditions, to start the engine with all of the air system under initial compression. This is readily secured hy supplying compressed air gas and `vapor through the cheek valves 40. This air may he supplied in any desirable manner, 'tor instance, shown in Figure 3, a small air compressor 44 may be provided as a permanent equipment of the motor, and may he operated by means of a crank 45 on the main shaft 2l. Its delivery pip@ 4G may be connected in any suitable manner as by means oil a hose, for instance, with the cheek valve 40 whenever it is desired, or else a permanent pipe may be employed. However. it is not thought necessary to show this piping as it is thought such showing would be confusing, as the sole purpose of the additional compressed airis to renew any loss ol air in any portion of the syste-1n as needed, and also to supply air at a higher pressure than atmospheric at any portion oi the system when it is desired to operate the engine under this condition. i

The main shaft Q1 is provided with a gear wheel 47 (see Figure l) which meshes with a small pinion 48 carried by a jack shaft 49. This liaek shaft also carries a` drivingl pulley 50 or other suitable power transmitting means, whereby power may he taken off from the engine.

In describing the operation of this engine, it is to be noted that the pairs of air conditioning cylinders assiiieiated with the working cylinders, are connected to opposite nds of the corresponding working cyliners. i

For example, as shown in detail in Figure l, the air conditioning cylinder alis connected adjacent its heated end by means of a pipe 5l with the upper end ol the working' cylinder 2, and the air conditioning cylinder 4 is connected adjacent its heated upper end with the lower eudol the working cylinder 2 by means ol a pipe 52.

The cycle oil. operation t'or each set of is identically the same and it is thought thata detailed description of the` .inode ol ojijieration for the cylinders 2, 3 and 4 will he suilicient. y

Assuming' the engine runningl and the parts occupy theposition shown in Figure l, the piston 'i' is about to descend and itis noted that the piston of the Icylinder 3 has already moved downwardly towards the cool end, thus forcing the air around the heated jacket 3G, and heated end ot the cylinder. This air, as it is heated, expands and drives the piston T of the working cylinoer. downwardly. t i

Further. it is noted, that in the position shown in Figure l, the piston for the cylinder 4, has moved upwardly prior `to the downward stroke of the working piston. This `position causes the incoming air delivered through the pipe 52 from the lowerend of the working cylinder to pass between the walls of the cylinder 4 and the sleeve B3 of its piston and to the cool end of the cylinder. Here the air is chilled and contracted as the working piston moves down wardly, thus causing a decrease in volume of air below the workingr piston.

The earns are so arranged that prior to the upward stroke of the working piston 7, the pistons iu the cylinders and 4 are moved to their other extreme positions from that shown in Figure 1. lhus7 the incoming` air discharges 'trom the upper end o the working cylinder on the upstroke oli the piston i. passes through the pipe 5l and between the sleeve S3 and the walls ot the rylinder 8 and into the cool end of the cylinder. Thusr the air :is chilled and contracted and thus the total volume above the working piston 7 is lessened permitting the rising oil. such working piston. Further, the stroke of the piston in the cylinder 4 displaees the air and causes it to circulate about the heated .shell 3G and the heated end of the cylinder fl. thus expanding the ain This expanding air is presented to the underside oli the piston 'T h v means of the pipe 59. and thus :Forces the piston 7 upwardly. Identically the same action takes place for the cylinders Il, i and (t lt will he seen, therefore, that a hot air motor has heen provided in which continuous rotation ol. the Crank shaft may he secured without the operation of valves or other elaborate n'iechanisni and in a wholly automatic manner as long as heat is supplied It will be seen further that. due to thepeculiar lever and link mechanism ldescribed that a simple mechanical construction results from this invention, and one which readily lends itself to the production of aY serviceable and practical hot air motor.`

Although the invention has been described in considerable detail, it is to be understood that the invention may be variously embodied and the scope of the invention is to l5 be determined'as claimed.

I claim: f

A hotair engine comprising a longitudinally extending main shaft having a pair of cranks thereon, a pair of Working cylinders mounted above said main shaft and having` pistons therein operatively connected tosaid cranks, a pair of air conditioning cylinders associated WithA each Working cylinder and locatedon opposite sides and adjacent the corresponding Working cylinder and connected to opposite ends thereof, said air conditioning cylinders each having means for heating one end and means for cooling the other end, air shifting pistons mounted in each of said air conditioning cylinders, a pair of Walking beams paralleling the longi- -tudinally extending shaft and located on opposite sides thereof and adjacent said shaft, `the opposite ends of each Walking beam being connected to the pistons of the air conditioning cylinders on the corresponding side of the shaft, a pair of cams carried adjacent opposite ends of said shaft, and levers operated by said cams and connected to said Walking beams for rocking said Walking beams to thereby shift the pistons in the air conditioning cylinders.

In testimony that claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin. Y

JOSEPH KOEN IG. 

